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Swarm Intelligence


Developed by Dr. Russell Eberhart and Dr. James Kennedy in 1995, Particle Swarm Optimisation is an Artificial Intelligence technique based on the study of collective behavior in decentralized, self-organized systems. Swarm Intelligence is an example of a “behavior-based” system, as it relies on low-level agents with minimum competency that are placed in a specific environment and have a limited time to act. Each agent acts autonomously, without central control, and the problem-solving nature of the swarm comes from its emergent behavior. By mimicking the social behavior of bees “swarming” or birds flocking, this technique represents possible solutions as “particles” that “swarm” through the search space. Over time, the particles accelerate towards the “leader,” or the best solution. The main advantage of Particle Swarm Optimisation over other global optimisation techniques is the large number of particles that make up the swarm. This makes the technique notably resilient to the problem of local optima.

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